Hospital wastewater treated with a novel bacterial consortium (<i>Alcaligenes faecalis</i> and <i>Bacillus paramycoides</i> spp.) for phytotoxicity reduction in Berseem clover and tomato crops

Abstract Hospital wastewaters are produced in large volumes Pakistan (?362–745 L/bed.day) and discharged without proper treatment. They widely used by farmers for crop irrigation induce a phytotoxic effect on plant growth. The study was conducted to evaluate the of untreated treated hospital wastewater seed germination fodder Trifolium alexandrinum (Berseem clover) food Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). A bacterial consortium formed with three strains, i.e., Alcaligenes faecalis Bacillus paramycoides spp., which were individually proven efficient previous studies. concentrations (25, 50, 75 100%) irrigate these seeds. To assess efficiency treatment, percentage, delay index, stress tolerance indices, seedling vigour index phytotoxicity calculated statistically significant. seeds grown showed negative values indices (tomato: ?0.36, ?0.47, ?0.78 ?1.11; Berseem clover: ?0.23) indicate stimulatory or non-toxic Our work proposes that this is treatment before irrigation.